Should there be a law when celebrities influence Essays

Should there be a law when celebrities influence Essays Should there be a law when celebrities influence Essay Should there be a law when celebrities influence Essay Anorexia nervosa is an eating upset, characterised by self-starvation. Sick persons tend to hold a distorted organic structure image, frequently sing themselves as larger than they really are. They may develop an intense fright of weight addition, despite the fact they are significantly scraggy. The unwellness has a psychological every bit good as physical footing and is more complex than merely following an utmost diet. Sufferers typically become haunted with nutrient and develop schemes to enable them to avoid eating. The deficiency of nutrient can ensue in failing, desiccation, sterility, kidney failure, bosom failure and decease. Despite considerable research, no individual cause of the unwellness has been established, although the media are frequently criticised for their publicity of super-thin theoretical accounts. In add-on, assorted famous persons, have been blamed for promoting anorexia through their emaciated visual aspects which some argue have led immature misss to endeavor for unnatural and inaccessible ideals, taking to the development of eating upsets. The influence of famous persons have led some to propose that the reply to the job may lie in legal control in the signifier of go throughing a jurisprudence to curtail the celebrity/anorexia influence upon immature misss. In footings of a condemnable jurisprudence and the possibility of conveying a prosecution against a famous person accused of act uponing immature misss to go anorectic, a figure of jobs arise. First, the nature of the offense itself, bing statute law allows for prosecution for non-fatal offenses under the Offences Against the Person Act 1861. A possible offense would include subdivision 20, which makes it an offense to bring down dangerous bodily injury ( GBH ) on any individual. There is no uncertainty that the wellness jobs suffered by those with anorexia could amount to GBH but there is an issue with causing – could the famous person concerned be said to hold caused the anorexia? In order to successfully prosecute a famous person in this context, the prosecution would hold to demo, beyond sensible uncertainty, that the behavior of the famous person straight caused a peculiar immature miss to develop anorexia. There are a figure of issues originating here. First, causing would be highly hard to set up. The usual manner of turn outing causing is by using a two-stage trial. First, was the action of the suspect, in this instance the famous person, the factual cause of the victim’s injury? The trial used comes from the instance of R v White [ 1910 ] [ 1 ] and is known as the but for’ trial – but for the actions of the suspect, would the victim have suffered from anorexia? As anorexia is a complex mental unwellness, the cause of which is non normally agreed upon, this would be all but impossible to turn out and surely could non, on the footing of current medical cognition, be attributed beyond sensible uncertainty to a individual cause. As factual causing entirely does non ever give rise to legal liability, even if it could be established, the prosecution would besides be required to turn out legal causing. For legal causing to be established, the actions of the suspect must be the legal cause of the victim’s injury. In relation to anorexia, the prosecution would hold to demo that the behavior of the famous person in inquiry made a important or more than minimal’ part to the victim’s anorexia. [ 2 ] This is possibly easier to turn out than factual causing but would still necessitate medical grounds to back up the averment. This would be really hard to happen. If both factual and legal causing could be established, the suspect may well reason that the fact that no 1 cause of anorexia has been established by the medical profession means that their behavior is merely one of a figure of possible causes. In add-on, the actions of the victim themselves may good be considered to interrupt the concatenation of causing which must take straight from the defendant’s behavior to the victim’s anorexia – in other words, the famous person may reason that it is the victim who has caused their ain anorexia by declining to eat and that they should non, hence, be held responsible. Even if the issues of causing were satisfied, there would be a job with work forces rea, in that the famous person would hold to be shown to hold deliberately caused the victim to develop anorexia or been foolhardy as to whether they did so. The prosecution are improbable to be able to turn out that this was the instance as no jury would be likely to do such a determination merely on the footing of the manner the famous person looked. In the civil kingdom, a instance may be made for carelessness, based on a failure by the famous person concerned to take sufficient attention to protect immature misss from being influenced by their visual aspect. This excessively though is improbable, since the tribunals would likely non enforce the necessary responsibility of attention upon famous persons. If famous persons were held to owe such a responsibility to immature misss, it would curtail their liberty and may even be held to transgress their human rights, as the tribunals would be enforcing their positions upon what constituted a normal weight and how famous persons would be allowed to look/dress and the similar. As there are issues with the bing Torahs, a new jurisprudence could be developed but given the jobs already highlighted in both the felon and civil sphere, any new statute law is likely to run into similar jobs. In decision, hence, there should non be a jurisprudence regulating this country, as the practical jobs associated with it would be excessively great. Alternatively, other influences should be considered, such how to advance the impression of a healthy weight, whilst research and intervention for those enduring from anorexia should be continued. Bibliography Allen, M. Criminal Law, 9Thursdayedition. Oxford: OUP, 2007 Beat. Has Fashion Got Its House in Order? ’ October 2007 Emmett, S. Theory and Treatment of Anorexia and Bulimia. Brunner-Mazel, 1985 Harpwood, V. Modern Tort Law, 6Thursdayedition, Routledge, 2005 Ormerod, D. Smith and Hogan Criminal Law, 11Thursdayedition. LexisNexis, 2005 Web sites BBC At: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bbc.co.uk/health/conditions/anorexia1.shtml Eating Disorders UK At: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.b-eat.co.uk/Home Accessed 22neodymiumMarch 2008 1

Timeline of Roman Emperors and Common Groupings

Timeline of Roman Emperors and Common Groupings This list of Roman emperors goes from the first emperor (Octavian, who is better known as Augustus) to the last emperor in the West (Romulus Augustulus). In the East, the Roman Empire continued until Constantinople (Byzantium) was sacked in A.D. 1453. This takes you through the standard period of Roman emperors, from the end of the 1st century B.C. to the end of the 5th century A.D. During the second period of the Roman Empire, the Dominate - as opposed to the earlier period which was known as the Principate, there was an emperor at Constantinople as well as the one in the West. Rome was originally the capital of the Roman emperor. Later, it moved to Milan, and then Ravenna (A.D. 402-476). After the fall of Romulus Augustulus, in A.D. 476, Rome continued to have an emperor for almost another millennium, but that Roman emperor ruled from the East. Julio-Claudians (31 or) 27 B.C. - 14 A.D. Augustus14 - 37 Tiberius37 - 41 Caligula41 - 54 Claudius54 - 68 Nero Year of the 4 Emperors (ends with Vespasian)68 - 69 Galba69 Otho69 Vitellius Flavian Dynasty 69 - 79 Vespasian79 - 81 Titus81 - 96 Domitian 5 Good Emperors 96 - 98 Nerva98 - 117 Trajan117 - 138 Hadrian138 - 161 Antoninus Pius161 - 180 Marcus Aurelius(161 - 169 Lucius Verus) The next cluster of emperors is not part of a specific dynasty or other common grouping, but includes 4 from the year of the 5 emperors, 193.177/180 - 192 Commodus193 Pertinax193 Didius Julianus193 - 194 Pescennius Niger193 - 197 Clodius Albinus Severans 193 - 211 Septimius Severus198/212 - 217 Caracalla217 - 218 Macrinus218 - 222 Elagabalus222 - 235 Severus Alexander More emperors without a dynastic label, although it includes the year of the 6 emperors, 238.235 - 238 Maximinus238 Gordian I and II238 Balbinus and Pupienus238 - 244 Gordian III244 - 249 Philip the Arab249 - 251 Decius251 - 253 Gallus253 - 260 Valerian254 - 268 Gallienus268 - 270 Claudius Gothicus270 - 275 Aurelian275 - 276 Tacitus276 - 282 Probus282 - 285 Carus Carinus Numerian Tetrarchy 285-ca.310 Diocletian295 L. Domitius Domitianus297-298 Aurelius Achilleus303 Eugenius285-ca.310 Maximianus Herculius285 Amandus285 AelianusIulianus286?-297? British Emperors286/7-293 Carausius293-296/7 Allectus293-306 Constantius I Chlorus Dynasty of Constantine 293-311 Galerius305-313 Maximinus Daia305-307 Severus II306-312 Maxentius308-309 L. Domitius Alexander308-324 Licinius314? Valens324 Martinianus306-337 Constantinus I333/334 Calocaerus337-340 Constantinus II337-350 Constans I337-361 Constantius II350-353 Magnentius350 Nepotian350 Vetranio355 Silvanus361-363 Julianus363-364 Jovianus Here are more emperors without a dynastic label.364-375 Valentinianus I375 Firmus364-378 Valens365-366 Procopius366 Marcellus367-383 Gratian375-392 Valentinianus II378-395 Theodosius I383-388 Magnus Maximus384-388 Flavius Victor392-394 Eugenius 395-423 Honorius [Division of the Empire - Honorius brother Arcadius ruled the East 395-408]407-411 Constantine III usurper421 Constantius III423-425 Johannes425-455 Valentinian III455 Petronius Maximus455-456 Avitus457-461 Majorian461-465 Libius Severus467-472 Anthemius468 Arvandus470 Romanus472 Olybrius473-474 Glycerius474-475 Julius Nepos475-476 Romulus Augustulus

Organizational Development and change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Organizational Development and change - Essay Example which is an integral part of OD is the implementation of strategic planning decided by an OD consultant after diagnosing the performance level and shortcomings of an organization. Intervention process takes place after approval from the management once the effectiveness of the planning is assessed. As defined by Chris Agryris, â€Å"to intervene is to enter into an ongoing system of relationships, to come between or among persons, groups, or objects for the purpose of helping them† (Anderson, 2013, p.190). In order to enhance effectiveness of an organization, intervention processes need to focus on groups rather than individuals to make a cultural change so that mission and goals of the organization become more attainable. For effective intervention, one major step is to build trust and it is the job of the management to earn trust from employees before expecting them to listen to their propositions. Also, it is more important to create an environment of collaboration among em ployees rather than encouraging competitiveness for motivation as the collaboration can improve teamwork and communication. Strategic interventions can also help in bringing about changes within the organization like mergers, expansion or improving relationship with stakeholders. There are four major types of intervention process. First is human process intervention which focuses on interpersonal relations and group performance. The goal is to create greater awareness of individual ability, develop specific behavioral skills, and to work more effectively as part of a group through various training methods (Kumar, 2010, p.187). Second type is technostructural intervention which is concerned with the organization’s technology like type and composition of job, and structure like job division and hierarchy. This intervention changes the overall working structure of the organization making it more flexible thus increasing motivation among employees. Also, it resorts to personnel layoffs and

Plate tectonics and geodynamics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plate tectonics and geodynamics - Essay Example Therefore, such components will melt at different temperatures and conditions, a process known as partial melting (Morgan & Chen, 1993 p6285). The process of partial melting takes place in the mantle (Best, 2009 p33). The mantle has four basic components; oxygen, silicon, magnesium and iron which have low melting points. Additionally, the upper mantle, which is below the ridges of the ocean, melts, since it comprises of the lithosphere that is brittle and fractures easily under low temperatures (Griffith, 1998 p67). Under normal circumstance, the mantle is formed of a solid rock substance called the peridotite (Annen & Zellmer, 2008 53). Partial melting of the peridotite is caused by the heat generated when rocks slide against one another on the base of the lithosphere, causing frictional kinetic energy at the subduction points (Sinton & Detrick, 1992 p198). This generates heat, which causes some elements of the peridotite with a low melting point to melt (Morgan & Chen, 1993 p6289). Consequently, partial melting occurs on the upper mantle, where the peridotite is melt to form a semi-solid substance called the magma (Best, 2009 p30). When the peridotite is melt, the semi-liquid substance formed is less dense than the materials above it. This is because, at such high temperatures, the magma is in a liquid state, which has a low density compared to the solid materials that are on the earth’s crust (Best, 2009 p28). The less dense magma looks for ways to escape upwards and settle above the solid components above it, due to its low viscosity and low density. Therefore, the hotter liquid substance will rise carrying its temperature with it, until it reaches a point where the temperatures are low. Here, its density is increased through solidification (Griffith, 1998 p70). Oceanic ridges tend to move from one another, creating a channel through which the magma can rise from the mantel of the earth to the earth’s crust

Rapid Freight Converged Network Security Case Study

Rapid Freight Converged Network Security - Case Study Example Accidentally, internal threats occur when people use their portable devices outside the network then plug them back in importing viruses and other malware. Some members of staff might be malicious and try to access unauthorized segments (Paul, 2011). External threats are easily kept at bay through the implementation of firewalls. A firewall allows a flow of data from known sources to the web server or specified destination while rejecting unknown traffic. If the firewall is compromised, it severs the connecting of the system to the internet host. Notwithstanding, firewalls are not perfect and should not be used solely (Stewart, 2010). Unified Access Control and Network Access Control ensure that device users are authorized to use the network. Account management system registers network users and signals any illegal activity. Coupled with Personalization, the intervention will keep the network safe from internal threats of any nature (Gregory, CISA, & CISSP, 2007). Implementing session management features such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) will overcome challenges posed by the use of VoIP phones, Video conferencing and PDAs. IPSec VPN scrambles traffic from the phone and safely connects to the corporate network without fear of infiltration. Softphone users will require authentication into the Converged network. Secure Socket Layer VPN (SSL VPN) ensures that users are logging in from healthy computers when accessing the network remotely. Intrusion Detection and Prevention software (IDS and IPS) will further enhance overall security by scanning entire network to identify and report signatures or suspicious traffic arrays (Gregory et al,  2007).

Skrzynecki and Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

Skrzynecki and Lord of the Flies Essay ‘A feeling of belonging depends on a strong relationship, developed over a period of time. ’ To what extent would you support this viewpoint? In your essay refer in detail to your prescribed text and at least ONE other related text of your own choosing. According to sociobiologists, the need for human connection and belonging is hardwired and genetically dictated. It defines ‘who’ and ‘what’ we are, and how we fit into the world around us. An individual’s sense of connection may be influenced by many factors, but one of the strongest of these is a strong relationship or relationships, which have been developed over a period of time. This human connection is instrumental in defining an individual’s place in the world as well as his or her sense of belonging. The notion that a feeling of belonging depends on a strong relationship is explored in Peter Skrzynecki’s prose poetry anthology Immigrant Chronicle (1975) – in particular the poems ‘Migrant Hostel’ in which the persona and his family struggle to gain lasting relationships at the hostel, and ’10 Mary Street’, the persona’s childhood home, in which strong familial relationships were forged – and William Golding’s prose fiction text Lord of the Flies (1958), in which a group of school boys stranded on an island gradually lose any strong relationships they may have had as their civilisation descends into violence and savagery. Both these texts memorably and distinctively explore how relationships and acceptance can shape an individual’s perceptions of belonging and not belonging. Set in the context of a post-war assimilationist culture, Migrant Hostel represents the immense sense of disconnection experienced by the persona and his family, given both their dislocation from their European homeland and their lack of strong relationships with the other members of the hostel. The migrants transitory existence is emphasised through the use of a migratory bird simile For over two years we lived like birds of passage, always sensing a chance in the weather while through the use of connotative language to highlight the personas disconnection, the poem provides an overall sense of helplessness and lack of autonomy in determining their own future Sudden departures from adjoining blocks that left us wondering who would be coming next thus constructing the hostel as a place of impotence and impermanence. This evident transience is perhaps symbolic of the migrants own fleeting sense of connection as they instinctively seek out members of their own culture, efficaciously conveyed through the use of a familiar analogy – â€Å"nationalities sought/each other out instinctively – like a homing pigeon/circling to get its bearings†. These superficial relationships thus serve to hinder the development of any lasting sense of belonging – regardless of a common history and identity – as, whilst for some migrants, their time in the hostel represents a new beginning, for others the sustained sense of alienation and despair, due to a lack of strong relationships, becomes too difficult to bear, as the final lines of the poem poignantly suggest through juxtaposition – â€Å"lives/that had only begun/or were dying†. Thus a feeling of belonging depends on a strong relationship, developed over a period of time. Standing in stark contrast to ‘Migrant Hostel’ is the poem ’10 Mary Street’, which portrays the persona’s strong feelings of belonging to his childhood home as a result of the strong familial relationships which were forged during his time there. The family’s domestic routine is depicted and their unity of existence is simply, but effectively conveyed in the first stanza through inclusive language â€Å"We departed/Each morning, shut the house/Like a well-oiled lock†, alluding to their sense of family security. The beginning of the second stanza alludes to the fact that, despite the family’s integration into mainstream society, their socioeconomic marginalisation continues. Through the simple use of connotation and onomatopoeia, the responder is positioned to recognise the mundane nature of the menial labour the persona’s parents nevertheless stoically endure – â€Å"From the polite hum-drum/Of washing clothes/And laying sewage pipes†. Consequently, it is in the context of the Skrzynecki family’s ongoing marginalisation that the sense of belonging afforded by the family home gains deeper significance. Feelings of nourishment and well-being are generated through combining a simile and cumulative imagery as the persona’s parents extend their nurturing to the family garden – â€Å"My parents watered/Plants- grew potatoes/ And rows of sweet corn:/ Tended the roses and camellias/ Like adopted children†. Thus, the persona’s strong sense of belonging as depicted in this poem is a result of the strong relationships with his family which were forged during his time there. While similar to Immigrant Chronicle on a superficial level, to the extent that both texts represent individual’s experiences of alienation and dislocation, Golding’s text Lord of the Flies explores representations of belonging, in terms of relationships, differently. Composed in the context of the Cold War nuclear arms power race, Golding’s text can be read as an allegory of the impossibility of human civilisation in which individuals are able to coexist without ultimately resorting to violence and savagery. The character of Piggy represents the scientific and rational side of society – portrayed in this text as a minority. From the beginning of the novel, Piggy has little by way of close relationships – â€Å"A storm of laughter arose and even the tiniest child joined in. For the moment the boys were a closed circuit of sympathy with Piggy on the outside. † It is in this moment that both the extent of Piggy’s alienation is highlighted while the disintegration into chaos and disorder is also foreshadowed through the breaking of Piggys glasses, a symbol of rational civilisation. When Piggy’s glasses are broken during a major battle between Ralph and Jack towards the end of the book, this destruction symbolises the ultimate desolation of civilisation on the island, and, with it, any sense of belonging that the boys on the island had attempted to inculcate. This destruction can be viewed as a decimation of any strong relationships that the boys may have had – particularly between Piggy, Ralph and Jack – and can be read as reason for the poignant lack of belonging on the island. Jack Merridew, who begins as the head hunter, comes to embody the spirit of chaos and destruction on the island. While it can be argued that it is Jack’s lack of a strong ‘familial’ relationship with Ralph and Piggy that incites his search for power, Golding implies that the human instinct of barbarism greatly outweighs that of civilisation. When Jack first realises how much power he has, any sense of belonging he feels to the other boys is annihilated, the moment when Jack and his hunters finally manage to capture and kill a pig, marking Jack’s descent into bestial savagery, – â€Å"Look! We’ve killed a pig – we stole up on them – we got in a circle –†. The hyphenation utilised in this dialogue is subtly indicative of Jack’s inevitable loss of any sense of civility as he develops a warped relationship to his barbaric activities, ultimately seducing the majority of the boys off to a separate camp, where their descent into primitive barbarism becomes evident – â€Å"The chief was sitting there, naked to the waist, his face blocked out in white and red. The tribe lay in a semicircle before him. While giving Jack a sense of power and self-importance, this new ‘tribe’, built on a mutual savage desire for food, has diminished the boys’ sense of friendship and camaraderie. It is this lack of a strong relationship developed over a period of time which is cause for their lack of a strong sense of belonging. Evidently it is clear, upon examination of Immigrant Chronicle and Lord of the Flies, that a feeling o f belonging relies heavily on a strong relationship developed over a period of time. In Skrzynecki’s poem ‘Migrant Hostel’, the persona’s evocative sense of isolation is due to his lack of any strong relationships as well as any attempts at establishing them. In contrast to this, ’10 Mary Street’ clearly provides a strong sense of belonging as a result of the persona’s strong familial relationships. In Lord of the Flies, the boys stranded on the island attempt to cling to their superficial relationships to each other, but, in the face of dwindling food supplies, eventually descend into savagery, diminishing their relationships and ultimately their sense of belonging.

The Character of Willy Loman in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Ess

The Character of Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman Willy Loman, the main character in Death of a Salesman is a complex tragic character.   He is a man struggling to hold onto the little dignity he has left in a changing society.   While society may have caused some of his misfortune, Willy must be held responsible for his poor judgment, disloyalty and foolish pride. Willy Loman is a firm believer in the "American Dream:" the notion that any man can rise from humble beginnings to greatness.   His particular slant on this ideal is that a man succeeds by selling his charisma, that to be well liked is the most important asset a man can have.   He made a living at this for 30 years, but as he enters the reclining years of his life, people have stopped smiling back and he can no longer sell the firm's goods to support himself.   His ambition was one of greatness, to work hard and to be a member of the firm; and if he could not succeed in this respect, that he should at least be well-liked and be able to sell until the day of his death:   When his friends would flock from all over the country to pay their respects. Willy's main flaw is his foolish pride, this it what makes him a tragic hero.   Yet there are many facets to his personality that contribute to the state he and the family are in during the play.   His upbringing of the boys is one major issue, he raised them with the notion that if one is well-liked, he need not worry about qualifications, he believed that if his boys were popular they would come out on top.   Sadly, he doesn't realize that the only way an ordinary person can get rich is through work (represented by Bernard) or through luck and good timing (Ben), and Willy missed the boat when it came to ... ...   Willy says to Charlie:   "Funny you know?   After all the highways, and the trains, and the appointments, and the years, you end up worth more dead than alive.3"   This statement is a sad reflection on the state of mind that Willy is in due the unfortunate combination of his ideals and the change which has occurred in his society. Willy is a multi-faceted character which Miller has portrayed a deep problem with sociological and psychological causes and done so with disturbing reality.   In another time or another place Willy might have been successful and kept his Sanity, but as he grew up, society's values changed and he was left out in the cold.   His foolish pride, bad judgment and his disloyalty are also at fault for his tragic end and the fact that he did not die the death of a salesman. Notes 1 Death of a Salesman page 100 2 page 79 3 page 73